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![Lake Kivu (2,700 km2), located on the border of the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda, is one of the Great Lakes of Africa and the most dangerous of the continent's three meromictic lakes, as it contains large quantities of toxic, asphyxiating and greenhouse gas (hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide and methane) capable of suddenly degassing in the event of an earthquake[1]. Its outlet, the Rusizi River, feeds Lake Tanganyika to the south. The lake has an altitude of 1,460 m. There we find Idjwi, the second largest island in the interior of the African continent with a length of 40 km and an area of 285 km2. At the bottom of the lake, approximately 500 m of sediments cover the Precambrian crystalline basement. To the north of the lake, magnetic anomalies are due to ancient volcanic outpourings[2]. Salinity approaches 4‰ at the bottom of the lake. The first European to access it was a German, Count Gustav Adolf von Götzen, in 1894. The Congolese towns of Goma and Bukavu are neighbors of the lake. In Rwanda, these are Gisenyi, Kibuye and Cyangugu. It gained sad notoriety during the 1994 genocide of the Tutsi in Rwanda, with many victims having been thrown there.](https://media.istockphoto.com/id/1777084379/photo/lake-kivu.jpg?b=1&s=612x612&w=0&k=20&c=lLlv-AXwybrL9KsfKi4dlkB8eompGyc8jndL60UYxPM=)
