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| Keywords: The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London (12683708744).jpg 1856 <br> SCROPE CRATERS AND LAVAS <br> 337 <br> appeared in the shape of a vast funnel accessible to its bottom <br> which for a few years then remained in a tranquil state In 1841 <br> however a small cone began to form within it and increased so <br> rapidly that in 1845 it was visible from Naples above the brim of <br> Fig 3 ” Crater of Vesuvius after the Eruption of October 1822 <br> the crater which soon after was completely filled And the cone <br> from that time went on increasing in bulk and height from the effect <br> of minor eruptions until in 1850 one of a violently explosive cha- <br> racter opened the two deep craters on its summit of which I have <br> already spoken The more recent eruption of May last being con- <br> fined chiefly to a prodigious efflux of lava from the outer side of the <br> cone unaccompanied by any extraordinary explosive bursts from the <br> summit has not altered materially the form impressed upon it in <br> 1850 <br> It is thus seen that within the last 100 years the cone of Vesuvius <br> has been five several times gutted by explosive eruptions of a par- <br> oxysmal character viz in 1794 1822 1831 1839 and 1850; and <br> its central craters formed in this manner as often gradually refilled <br> with matter to be again in due time blown into the air Meanwhile <br> the old external crater of Somma is itself becoming choked up by <br> the accumulation of all the lava-streams and fragmentary matter <br> that are expelled towards the northern and outer side of the cone <br> It would be therefore in exact accordance with the habit of this <br> volcano as of volcanic mountains in general if after some further <br> period either of quiescence or of moderate activity the entire cone <br> of Vesuvius should be blown up by a more than ordinarily violent <br> paroxysm and the crater of Somma itself reformed <br> With this well-authenticated history of the mountain within our <br> knowledge would it not be wholly unphilosophical to deny except <br> upon such grounds of impossibihty as have never been adduced <br> that the larger containing crater in the case of Vesuvius and the <br> argument applies to other similar volcanic mountains had the same <br> origin as the smaller contained ones ; and that the external cones were 35338790 109655 51125 Page 337 Text v 12 http //www biodiversitylibrary org/page/35338790 1856 Geological Society of London NameFound Vesuvius Biodiversity Heritage Library The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London v 12 1856 Geology Periodicals Smithsonian Libraries bhl page 35338790 dc identifier http //biodiversitylibrary org/page/35338790 smithsonian libraries Information field Flickr posted date ISOdate 2014-02-21 Check categories 2015 August 26 CC-BY-2 0 BioDivLibrary https //flickr com/photos/61021753 N02/12683708744 2015-08-27 11 52 34 cc-by-2 0 PD-old-70-1923 The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London 1856 Photos uploaded from Flickr by Fæ using a script | ||||
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