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| View Original: | Tairona - Bell with Feline Diety - Walters 572288.jpg (1518x1799) | |||
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| Keywords: Tairona - Bell with Feline Diety - Walters 572288.jpg The earliest evidence of goldworking in the Western Hemisphere dates to around 2000 BC when gold was first hammered into thin foil sheets in ancient Peru But it was the goldsmiths of Colombia who had access to the largest veins of gold ore which they extracted by placer mining panning and by building simple vertical shaft mines Gold was melted and worked in a variety of techniques including hammering often around a wooden form and lost-wax casting in which a wax model of an object is made and encased in clay which is fired causing the wax to melt and run out through a hole; molten gold is then poured into the hole and hardens and the resulting figure is revealed when the clay mold is broken apart Much ancient American gold is naturally alloyed or mixed with copper with percentages of copper rising to as high as 70 percent This material called tumbaga often has a reddish color Ancient Colombian metalworkers developed depletion gilding techniques in which the copper was removed from the gold using organic acids Tairona gold is characterized by almost flamboyant decoration spiraling strands of gold braidwork sprout from the heads of standing rulers who are often adorned with the same pectorals and lip plugs actual chieftains wore The knowledge of goldworking spread from the central and northern Andes into Central America and gradually a blend of techniques and imagery developed into what is known as the International Style Very little of this material survived the Spanish conquest between 900 1500 Late Intermediate gold cm 5 8 2 8 accession number 57 2288 30958 James Varón Santa Marta Columbia date and mode of acquisition unknown Agueda Hernandez Nyack NY date and mode of acquisition unknown Elena Austen Stokes New York NY date and mode of acquisition unknown Walters Art Museum Gift of Elena Austen Stokes 2003 Art of the Ancient Americas The Walters Art Museum Baltimore 2002-2010 place of origin Colombia Walters Art Museum license Pre-Columbian art in the Walters Art Museum Tayrona metalwork Gold objects Bells Tumbaga Sculptures of Felidae | ||||
