Keywords: Lippo Vanni (Italian, active about 1340 - about 1375) - Initial I- A Martyr Saint - Google Art Project.jpg The elegant figure of this saint which fully dominates the space of the initial I is notable for its strong monumental bearing The artist employed a warm glowing palette of gold and orange endowing the figure with a luminous quality appropriate to a holy person The initial cut from an antiphonal probably introduced a generic text devoted to martyrs which was individualized by the insertion of a particular saint's name The saint shown is thus not a specific person but a composite martyr accompanied by the attributes of a number of saints who died for the Christian faith The wool comb at the figure's feet was an instrument used to torture Saint Blasius the rocks could refer to the stoning of Saint Stephen the fire may refer to Saint Lawrence who was roasted alive and the swords could indicate any number of martyr saints Finally the palm frond is a symbol of the martyr's triumph over death in the Christian afterlife active about 1340 - about 1375 6911055 Lippo Vanni Italian Italian /collection/the-j-paul-getty-museum/artwork/initial-i-a-martyr-saint-lippo-vanni-italian-active-about-1340-about-1375/6866805/ Lippo Vanni Italian active about 1340 - about 1375 illuminator /artist/lippo-vanni/6911056/ 6911056 /collection/the-j-paul-getty-museum/ The J Paul Getty Museum 343005 http //www getty edu/museum 3/13/2012 12 09 08 AM /collection/the-j-paul-getty-museum/artwork/initial-i-a-martyr-saint-lippo-vanni-italian-active-about-1340-about-1375/6866805/ 1350 third quarter of 14th century Male Saints Tempera colors gold leaf and ink on parchment 302 6866805 True 1375 3/25/2012 8 46 02 PM lido getty edu-gm-obj133866 http //www getty edu/art/gettyguide/artObjectDetails artobj 133866 http //www getty edu/legal/copyright html Detached leaf 1350 1380 Siena Italy Creation w115 x h302 cm third quarter of 14th century False 0 431640625 Part initial-i-a-martyr-saint-lippo-vanni-italian-active-about-1340-about-1375 Initial I A Martyr Saint i 115 Tempera colors gold leaf and ink on parchment Male Saints http //www getty edu/legal/copyright html special url_id JQEj2ZyWesnvCw PD-old-100 Google Art Project works by Lippo Vanni MS 53 Getty museum Medieval miniatures of saints I as an initial Unidentified Saints |